Fort Loudoun Winchester Virginia
Designed & built by Colonel George Washington
1756-1758
Also related events 1752-1764 before and after French & Indian War
Cherokee and Catawba,
allies at Fort Loudoun
What did the Indians call the White Virginians?
They might have lots of names.
But one stands out: Long Knives.
Eventually that came to mean all white men.
https://jimmoyer1.wixsite.com/fortloudounva/single-post/2020/07/13/long-knives-assarigoa
Near the time before the 2nd attack on Fort Duquesne
under General Forbes,
even more Indians walked up Loudoun Street to the Fort on the hill.
April 9, 1758, George Washington writes:
"About 400 Indians had come to this place before I arrived, and the most of them are gone out to War. One hundred and forty more are expected in to-day, and numerous other parties we hear are upon their march to join us"
Blog Stories on the Indians
Catawba allies - oh they're coming
March 2021 blog
Discusses March-April 1757
https://jimmoyer1.wixsite.com/fortloudounva/single-post/catawba-allies-oh-they-re-coming
Cherokee allies - oh they're coming too
March 2021 blog
Discusses March-April 1757
https://jimmoyer1.wixsite.com/fortloudounva/single-post/cherokee-allies-oh-they-re-coming-too
200 to South Carolina, 100 to Cherokee lands - April 1757 plan
https://jimmoyer1.wixsite.com/fortloudounva/single-post/200-to-south-carolina-100-to-cherokee-lands
A Storm is coming - Mercer writes about it
April 2021 blog
Discusses April 1757:
Cherokee come to Fort Loudoun and find no presents waiting for them. Big debates. Big Council held.
https://jimmoyer1.wixsite.com/fortloudounva/single-post/a-storm-is-coming-mercer-writes-about-it
The Great Men of Virginia were Liars
Blog April 2021
April 1757
https://jimmoyer1.wixsite.com/fortloudounva/single-post/the-great-men-of-virginia-were-liars
Spring Onions
May 1757
https://jimmoyer1.wixsite.com/fortloudounva/single-post/spring-onions
Burning at the Stake
Simon Girty knew William Crawford, friend of GW
Blog May 1757
June 11, 1782
https://jimmoyer1.wixsite.com/fortloudounva/single-post/simon-girty-knew-william-crawford-friend-of-gw
June 1757 attacks
Blog June 2021
https://jimmoyer1.wixsite.com/fortloudounva/single-post/june-1757-attacks
Southern Dept of Indian Affairs - Adkin
July 1757
https://jimmoyer1.wixsite.com/fortloudounva/single-post/the-problem-with-atkin
Longest Battle Fought with Nobody
July 1755
Blog July 1755
https://jimmoyer1.wixsite.com/fortloudounva/single-post/longest-battle-fought-with-nobody
French Prisoner at Fort Loudoun Winchester VA
captured with the help of Indian allies
Blog Aug 1755
June 1757
https://jimmoyer1.wixsite.com/fortloudounva/single-post/french-prisoner-at-fort-loudoun-winchester-va
Sept 1757 attack on Stephens' Fort
Sept 2021 blog
https://jimmoyer1.wixsite.com/fortloudounva/single-post/lewis-stephens-and-stephens-city
Attack on Strode's fort
Oct 2021 blog
https://jimmoyer1.wixsite.com/fortloudounva/single-post/stroud-or-strode-his-home-fort
Oct 2021 blog
4 stories on 1675 indian war involving Colonel George Washington's Great Grandfather, John Washington.
The Siege of a Susquehannock Indian fort took place right across from the future Mt Vernon:
https://jimmoyer1.wixsite.com/fortloudounva/single-post/john-washington-great-grandfather-of-gw
https://jimmoyer1.wixsite.com/fortloudounva/single-post/queen-of-the-damned
https://jimmoyer1.wixsite.com/fortloudounva/single-post/how-thomas-jefferson-found-a-queen
https://jimmoyer1.wixsite.com/fortloudounva/single-post/conotocaurius-gw-is-the-destroyer-of-towns
Cherokee
SPEECH TO CAPTAIN JOHNNE, and to the CATAWBAS
[Winchester, October 28, 1756.] asking them to get the Cherokee to help out.
"Capt. Johnne: We Desire you to go to the Cherokees, and tell them the Road is now clear and Open; We expected them to War last Spring, and love them So well, that Our Governor Sent Some few men to build a fort among them; but we are mighty Sorry that they hearken so much to lies French tell, as to break their promise and not come to war, when they might have got a great deal of honour; and kill'd a great many of the French, whose hearts are false, and rotten as an old Stump. If they Continue to Listen to What the French Say much longer they will have great cause to be sorry, as the French have no Match locks, pow'd and Lead but what they got from King George our father, before the War began and that will soon be out; when they will get no more, and all the French Indians will be starving with Cold, and must take to Bows and Arrows again for want of Ammunition.
Tell them we long to Shake hands with them;
Let them get their knives and tomhawkes Sharpe, we will go before them, and show them the way to honour, Scalps, prisoners, and money Enough, We are mighty sorry they stay at home idle, when they should go to War, and become great men, and a terror and dread to their Enemies. Tell them they shall have Victuals enough, and used very kindly."
Catawba
[Note:The Catawbas were one of the eight Indian nations of North America discovered by the Europeans in the seventeenth century. Their region lay southward of the Tuscaroras, between the Yadkin and Catawba Rivers. They were brave, but not aggressive, in warfare, and although at one time they belonged to the powerful league of southern Indians who were determined to extirpate the whites, later on they allied themselves with the English and remained stanch friends to them ever after. -- Hamilton's Letters to Washington. ]
Orders from George Washington October 28, 1756
"As Colonel Washington is to hold conference with the Catawba Indians, betwixt eleven and twelve o'clock. He desires all the Officers in town to attend at that time. And during the time of conference, he orders a Sergeant and Drummer to beat through the Town, ordering all Soldiers and Towns people to use the Indians civilly and kindly; to avoid giving them liquor, and to be cautious what they speak before them: as all of them understand english, and ought not to be affronted."
Captain Mercer reported 95 Catawba arrived at the fort at the end of March [1757]. On April 24 [1757] another 148 Cherokees arrived at the fort with Major Andrew Lewis. - Fort Loudoun, Washington's Fort in Virginia, Norman L Baker, Pages 38-39
INDIANS OTHER THAN CHEROKEES AND CATAWBAS WERE HERE:
From the ledger of expenses George Washington kept:
May 13, 1756 Paid John Greenfield for moccasins for Nottoway Indians
August 10, 1756 Paid Nottoway Indians for their expenses homeward
April 20, 1757 Paid John Greenfield for 3 match coats for Tuscaroras
Source: page 36-37 of George Washington and Winchester Virginia 1748 to 1758 by Garland Quarles, Volume VIII of Winchester-Frederick County Historical Society Papers
From the ledger of expenses George Washington kept:
December 18, 1756 Paid Thomas Worthington for Buckskins for the Cherokees
July 5, 1757 Paid Isaac Parkins for 2 barrels of beer to Cherokee Indians
September 17, 1757 Paid Henry Carter for horse hire to escort the Cherokees
Source: page 37-38 of George Washington and Winchester Virginia 1748 to 1758 by Garland Quarles, Volume VIII of Winchester-Frederick County Historical Society Papers
From the ledger of expenses George Washington kept:
January 1, 1757 Paid Jacob Seabrat (Seibert or Seabright) for Buckskins for the Catawbas
Source: page 37 of George Washington and Winchester Virginia 1748 to 1758 by Garland Quarles, Volume VIII of Winchester-Frederick County Historical Society Papers
FALSE ALARM:
June 29, 1757
Paid Daniel Jennings for riding express to Fairfax County Lieutenant in order to stop the militia from marching to Winchester upon the alarm of the French and Indians coming against Fort Cumberland.
Source: page 37 of George Washington and Winchester Virginia 1748 to 1758 by Garland Quarles, Volume VIII of Winchester-Frederick County Historical Society Papers