Robert Stewart and Venango

Next time you drive down Stewart Street in Winchester VA, think of the poverty and failed chances of Robert Stewart. Robert Stewart has the fame and rep but no money, no future. He was Captain and commander of Fort Loudoun Winchester VA at various times. He's known as the Captain of the Light Horse. He's known for helping General Braddock after he got shot - along with George Washington. He's been there for every need, but never any big reward coming his way. He ends up in England during the Rev War since Virginia held no promise for his future. At the end of that war he asks Washington if he can have a position in the new nation's government. Washington has to reply NO to him. He begins his NO by recognizing a seriously shared past. But others who risked their lives are due those positions.

Here he is in Venango (today's Franklin Pa). He's been there since August 9, 1760. He's lost his Swiss engineer to design and build a new fort. The French burned down their fort here. That was Fort Machault. That fort had its moment. At one point in April 1759 it became the staging area for thousands of French and Indians to retake Pittsburgh. But it had to forgo those plans when Fort Niagara came under siege.

So here in Venango sits Robert Stewart, tasked to build a British Fort. With him are 50 of the Virginia Regiment and 100 Pennsylvanians. There's a report of a large group of French and Indians. At 2am Robert Stewart sends out war parties to find it. They do not find any large force, just a few Indians near an "eminence" overlooking their camp at Venango.

Read Stewart's letter below to Burgess George Washington about all of this at Venango. Read Stewart's angst on his future. He points out Major Andrew Lewis got paid Major rank pay while he was in captivity. And fellow Captain Peachey was treated with Lt Colonel and Major pay when he wasn't doing much.

Stewart also mentions the Byrd expedition waiting for further direction since the fall of another Fort Loudoun -- South Carolina's fort in today's Tennessee.

Nowadays Venango is just under 2 hours from Pittsburgh.

Touch or click on map below:

Our Robert Stewart, the namesake of Stewart Street of Winchester VA stays in Venango, where the French Fort Machault was. He was ordered to go there in July 1760. Robert Stewart is ordered to build a new fort there. He is also ordered to consolidate control of the area. Fort Pitt commander Robert Monckton needs a line of communications from his fort to Fort Niagara. He arrives in Venango in August 1760. He stays there until end of December 1760. He returns to Fort Pitt in January 1761 and then travels back to Winchester, arriving in Winchester 11 Feb 1761 and writes a letter from Winchester Virginia to Burgess George Washington on 15 Feb 1761. It is interesting Stewart datelines his letter Winchester instead of Fort Loudoun. He writes of that expedition and time in Venango: "I arrivd here the 11th Inst. after the most severe and longest Campaign I ever Serv’d . . . " footnote 1.

Founders Online Footnote 1. Gen. Robert Monckton in July 1760 ordered Stewart to march from Winchester with a small detachment to Venango and there rebuild the fort destroyed by the French (Monckton to Henry Bouquet, 28 July 1760, in Waddell, Bouquet Papers, 4:658–61). Too few men and a shortage of food made his task difficult. He was relieved in late December and returned to Fort Pitt where he remained most of January before returning to Winchester via Fort Cumberland (see particularly Stewart to Mordecai Buckner, 23 Dec. 1760, and Bouquet to Monckton, 26 Jan. 1761, ibid., 5:201–3, 265–66).

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Compiled by Jim Moyer posted on Facebook 9/15/2024, updated 9/16/2024, 10/3/2024

Robert Stewart in Venango writes on 4 Oct 1760 to GW

Adam Stephen Ordered to attack Venango April 1759

Robert Stewart Stories

This will not be the last time Stewart asks for Washington's support.

STEWART STREET- story of a polite curt reply

posted Apr 18, 2023

Robert Stewart's Report about his rank in Sept 1759

posted Sep 13, 2023

Stewart Street in Winchester VA is named after this Robert Stewart.

Stewart Street -- is it named after Capt Robt Stewart?

posted Apr 18, 2023

Who's Major? Robt Stewart? Walter Stewart?

posted Apr 18, 2023

https://genfiles.com/stewart/setting-the-record-straight-on-major-robert-stewart/

Disambiguation of other Robert Stewarts

Letter from Robert Stewart to GW

Camp At Venango [Pa.]

2d October 1760

My Dear Sir

About the Venango area

Since my last long Letter from this place 1

I recd Intelligence from the neighbouring Indians

that they discover’d where a large Body of the Enemy

had just pass’d about 28 Miles above us

and seem’d to bend their course this way,

a Delaware spoke to some of their Savages

who told him they were off a large Party design’d for this place,

I at 2 oClock this morning Detach’d an officer & 20 alert Virgs.

with some six nation & Delaware Indians

to Reconnoitre the different Paths & Passes

leading towards where the Enemy were seen &

to Scour our Environs,

they are just return’d without making any other Discovery

than where a few Indians

lay on the top of an adjacent eminance

which overlooks our Camp

There is a rather large "eminence" overlooking the Venango area.

Touch or click on interactive map below. Three blue icons have information.

nor can I conceive the Enemy to be now in condition

to undertake any thing serious

or send out more than a few Scalping Parties,

however we have got into a tolerable Posture of Defence

against Musketry

and ready for them come

as soon as they will

some of their Scalpers

have been frequently about us at different Times

but as yet have not been able to get the least advantage, tho. the nature of this Service obliges me to have small Parties sometimes Detach’d a considerable distance from Camp

nor have we sustaind the smallest Loss except that of our Engineer poor DuPlesis who on the 2d Ulto Detach’d to reconnoitre French Creek he & the few that went with him have not been hear’d off for upwards of 3 weeks his Loss is more sensibly felt as the construction of works cannot be carried with such propriety as they would have been under the direction of so able an Engineer,

nor is it now in my power to have the pleasure of presenting You with Planns of our different Posts nor the Draft of this River which I promis’d in my last.2

About the Canada Conquest

You will undoubted receive the accots of the Success of His Majestys Arms (under the Orders of The Generals Amherst & Murray and the great probability there is in their succeeding in Enterprizes still more Glorious which must terminate in the totall Reduction of the French Territories in this part of the Globe) In a speedier Channel than I from this remote Post could convey them I will not therefore trouble You with a less perfect repetition of them.3

About Byrd's Southern Campaign

We are here extremely impatient to hear something of our Virginia Expedition our last accots from that Quarter was in a Letter I recd from Colo. Byrd Dated at Campbell’s Augt 10th—I cannot imagine he will proceed after he is inform’d that Fort Loudoun the principal Object of his Destination is Surrender⟨d⟩ to the Savages, and I would fain hope that War will now attract some part of the Ministry’s attention and that such measures will be concerted as that our ulterior Operations against them will end in their extirpation, than which nothing could more effectually promote Our General Interest with the Indians and give them the most tremendous opinion of our Prowess All the Savage Nations would then be convinc’d beyond doubt how carefully they ought to cultivate our Freindship and how much our just resentment was to be dread this Measure would undeniably cost an immensity of Bloud and Treasure but the happy and permanent Good that would certainly result from it would amply repay all.4

In the different Letters I had the pleasure to write You from Pittsburgh & this place 5

About his Pay and Rank

I inform’d You how happy we are under the Orders of so consummate an Officer & so fine a Gentleman as our General appears to be and the genteel Politeness of His Behaviour particular marks of which and indeed of real kindness he has been Pleas’d to Honr me with of which unlook’d for lucky incident I avail’d myself to procure a continuation of both my Commissions notwithstanding that Colo. Bouquet in the name of the Corps warmly sollicited for my being Order’d to Join the Battalion but as I hitherto have been no Favourite of Fortune’s I did not think it prudent to trust to any of Her superficial smiles and therefore I have applied for Liberty to sell

and if I cannot be indulg’d therein to Resign

being determin’d to attach myself solely to our own Regt

and rely upon the Generosity of the Colony which I have so long had the Honr to Serve for a future Subsistence, tho’ I with great regret observe that my Interest there declines, this declension

is evinc’d by an Order Mr Boyd tells me the Governr

has given for my returning my Major’s Pay for last Campaign

when I did the intire Duty of that Office

with such assiduity and punctuality

as to give perfect Satisfaction

to the Colo. of the Regt and all my Superiors in the Line,

this unexpected Stroke astonish me the more

Argument 1 about Major Andrew Lewis

as it is most certain that Major Lewis drew Pay as Majr

from the Date of his Major’s Commission

tho’ Major Stobo was in fact Major of the Regt

and that as Maj. Lewis was till his Imprisonment

to Majr Stobo what I was to Majr Lewis during his detention with the Enemy,

consequently if Major Ls had then a right to Majrs Pay

the same reasons entitled me to it

from the Date of my Majority till Major Lewis rejoin’d the Regt

which was all I did or desir’d to

Argument 2 about "Lt Colonel" Peachey

but another recent Instance

in my favour’s places this (if possible) in still a stronger & more striking view

vizt Lt Colo. Peachy drew Pay as Majr from the Date of his Major’s Commission in our Regt till the Day of his Promotion in the Fronteer Battn tho’ he never did the least Duty nor even Join’d our Regt as Majr

Needing Justice for this pay

but notwithstanding the combin’d force of these (I hope) coercive Arguments

I recd the Orders of the Commander in Cheif of the Colony Troops for it—

I would by no means desire You to ask a Favour from Govr Fauquier

because I know how disagreeable it would be to You

but if I have a right to that Pay

and that I have I imagine is obvious

by the above State of the affair

It cannot be deem’d a favour to procure Justice

or to rectify a mistake

to which I ascribe this Order

therefore I doubt but your good offices will be us’d in obtaining a Countermand to it—

Peachey favored but not him

When I applied for the Majority I endeavour’d to represent the hardship of Major Peachy’s having got it and told the Governor that Rank was what I cheifly regarded but that I should do the sole of that fatigueing Duty without Pay when there was two Precedents so clearly in my favour for drawing it I never imagin’d would admit of the least hesitation.6

No word from Washington

I am extremely uneasy at your long and uncommon silence I have not been favour’d with a Scrape from you since the Date of the Letter you wrote me from Bulskin the Day after parting7—I am certain that either your Letters have miscarried or which is infinitely worse the want of Health prevents your writing, how happy it would make me to be assured that You and your Family are well for God’s sake releive me from my vast uneasie apprehensions on this Head.

I cannot even guess at where I shall be order’d to this Winter I beg you will be so good as to present my Respectfull Complemts in the warmest and most obliging Terms to Your Lady & the Children, and beleive me unalterably to be With the most sincere & perfect Esteem & Regard My Dear Colonel Your Most Affectionate & Most Obliged hble Servt

Robert Stewart

All the Officers of this little Camp offer their best Respects particularly McNeill & McKenzie pray excuse inaccuracys &Ca being hurried.

ALS, DLC:GW.

Founders Online footnotes

1. Stewart’s letter written after his arrival at Venango on 9 Aug. [1760] has not been found. With about fifty Virginians and one hundred Pennsylvanians Stewart occupied the burned French fort at Venango [called Fort Machault by the French] and directed its reconstruction until the end of the year when he was relieved by Capt. Lt. Mordecai Buckner of the Virginia Regiment. See Stewart to GW, 3 June 1760, nn.4, 5, and Stewart to Buckner, 23 Dec. 1760, in Waddell, Bouquet Papers, 5:201–3.

2. Ensign Louis Victor du Plessis (Duplessis) was an officer in the Royal American Regiment with a commission dated 1 April 1758. On 24 Sept. 1760 Stewart wrote Col. Henry Bouquet of his fear that the young Swiss had “fallen a Sacrifice to his obstinancy” (ibid., 51–52).

3. The marquis de Vaudreuil, French governor of New France, surrendered to the combined forces of generals Jeffrey Amherst and James Murray on 8 Sept. 1760.

4. Col. William Byrd halted his expedition at Alexander Sayer’s mill on Reed Creek in what is now Wythe County, Va., about sixty miles west of Fort Lewis on the Roanoke River. General Amherst sent a punitive expedition under Col. James Grant against the Cherokee in the spring of 1761.

5. None of these letters has been found.

6. Maj. Andrew Lewis of the Virginia Regiment was captured by the French when Maj. James Grant’s expedition was routed near Fort Duquesne in September 1758. As senior captain of the regiment Stewart apparently acted as major in Lewis’s place and received his pay until Lewis was freed and early in 1760 returned to the regiment. Robert Stobo was made major shortly after he was taken as a hostage by the French in 1754 following the defeat of GW and the Virginians at Great Meadows. He remained a prisoner until he escaped in 1759. Lewis was in fact named major of the Virginia Regiment when it was reconstituted under GW in September 1755. William Peachey, formerly a captain in the 1st Virginia Regiment, was made major and paymaster of the 2d Virginia Regiment when it was formed in the spring of 1758 in preparation for the expedition against Fort Duquesne. After the 2d Virginia Regiment was reduced at the end of 1758, the 1st Virginia Regiment, with William Byrd in command, was renewed until 1 Dec. 1759. The regiment could with the governor’s or commander in chief’s consent act in concert with regular British troops outside Virginia’s borders. At the same time an additional 500 men were to be raised to fight exclusively on the western frontier of the colony itself (7 Hening 255–65). This frontier battalion, as it was called, was supposed to be commanded by Andrew Lewis, but since Lewis remained a French prisoner until November 1759, William Peachey acted as commanding officer with the rank of lieutenant colonel. The minutes of the Virginia council for 4 April 1759 contain the somewhat equivocal entry: “Approved of a List [of officers] produced by Governor—were of Opinion it would be better to leave a Vacency of a Field Officer in new Battalion, than in 1st Regiment—Approv’d of Major Lewis having the Command of it—and of Mr. Peachy acting as major, during his Absence, in 1st Regiment” (Exec. Journals of Virginia Council, 6:133).

7. GW went up to Frederick County in May to see about his ill slaves at his Bullskin plantation, leaving Mount Vernon on 4 May and returning on 10 May.

SOURCE

“To George Washington from Robert Stewart, 2 October 1760,” Founders Online, National Archives, https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Washington/02-06-02-0268. [Original source: The Papers of George Washington, Colonial Series, vol. 6, 4 September 1758 – 26 December 1760, ed. W. W. Abbot. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1988, pp. 466–470.]

Robert Stewart Stories

This will not be the last time Stewart asks for Washington's support.

Stewart, who never participated to help Washington in the Revolution, asks Washington for a position in the new government. Washington replies those positions must go to those who risked their lives and property. See the story of the Curt Reply.

STEWART STREET- story of a polite curt reply

posted Apr 18, 2023

Robert Stewart's Report about his rank in Sept 1759

posted Sep 13, 2023

Stewart Street in Winchester VA is named after this Robert Stewart.

See those stories here:

Stewart Street -- is it named after Capt Robt Stewart?

posted Apr 18, 2023

Who's Major? Robt Stewart? Walter Stewart?

posted Apr 18, 2023

https://genfiles.com/stewart/setting-the-record-straight-on-major-robert-stewart/

Disambiguation of other Robert Stewarts